The Spirituality of Emily Dickinson 的精神狄金森
Saturday, May 10th, 2008 星期六， 2008年5月10日
Emily Dickinson referred to herself as a pagan.狄金森提到自己作为一个异教徒。 Some biographers would go so far as to label her a druid for her worship of nature.一些传记作家将迄今为止以标签她德鲁伊她崇拜的性质。 But was this apparently stubborn heathen life really built on atheism?但是，这显然是顽固不信教的生活真正建立在无神论？
On the surface what seems a blatant rebellion against the Christian reforms sweeping New England in the 19th Century could be misinterpreted as a lack of spiritual inclination.表面上看来是公然反抗基督教改革席卷新英格兰地区在19世纪可能被误解为缺乏精神的倾向。 If we look beneath even a single veneer we will undoubtedly find true spirituality at the heart of her endeavour; far from snubbing God, but simply insisting on no less than a first-hand experience of Him.如果我们看一下下面甚至一个单一的单板，我们无疑会找到真正的精神的核心，她的努力;远离snubbing上帝，只是坚持不低于第一次亲身体验了。
The poet shunned religious doctrine, but did she shun religion?诗人避开宗教教义，但她信宗教？ Certainly not as a whole, and even then it may be merely a matter of syntax.当然不是作为一个整体，而且即便如此，它可能仅仅是一个问题的语法。 The words ‘religion’ and ‘spirituality’ may at times be used interchangeably, and at others a fine distinction must be made.改为'宗教'和'精神'有时可能互换使用，并在其他罚款必须作出区分。 Charles Anderson chooses to make no distinction, using the word ‘religion’ in its broadest, and perhaps most primal sense:查尔斯安德森选择不做区分，使用单词'宗教'在最广泛的，也许是最原始意义：
“The final direction of her poetry, and the pressures that created it, can only be described as religious, using that word in its ‘dimension of depth.’” “最后的方向，她的诗歌，和压力，创造它，只能被称为宗教，使用这个词在其'层面的深度。 ”
Emily inherited the Puritan traits of austerity, simplicity, and practicality, as well as an astute observation of the inner self, but her communication with her higher Self was much more informal than her God-fearing forefathers would have dared.刘慧卿继承了清教徒性状的紧缩，简单性和实用性，以及敏锐的观察内心的自我，但她与她的更高的自我更是非正式比她敬畏上帝的祖先本来不敢。 The daughter of the ‘Squire’ of Amherst, she came from a line of gritty, stalwart pioneers, carrying what was almost considered the blue blood of America.的女儿'乡绅'的阿默斯特，她来自一个线顽强，坚定的先驱，携带什么几乎认为蓝血合众国。 Her family was far from poor, but she did not lead a lavish life, for the Puritans abhorred luxury and waste (even a waste of words, which trait the poet did well to inherit).她的家人远离贫困，但她没有过奢华生活，为清教徒憎恶奢侈浪费（即使是浪费的话，性状表现良好的诗人继承） 。
She accepted the Puritan ideals of being ‘called’ or ‘chosen’ by God, and fully embraced the merits of transcending desire, but not the concept of being inherently sinful:她接受了清教徒理想正在'所谓'或'选择'的上帝，并完全接受的优点超越的愿望，而不是固有的概念正在罪孽深重：
“While the Clergyman tells Father and Vinnie that ‘this Corruptible shall put on Incorruption’ it has already done so and they go defrauded.” “虽然牧师告诉父亲和大奖'这腐败应放在廉政建设'它已经这样做了，他们去诈骗。 ”
She had faith in her own divinity, so perhaps she was yet more certain of God than her peers.她有信心在自己的神，所以也许她还没有更多的某些上帝比她的同龄。 She did not claim to fully understand Him, or even to have perennial faith in all His Ways—her poetry bears a continuing strain of doubt—but she certainly did not fear Him.她不主张完全了解他，或什至有常年的信念在他的所有途径，她的诗歌有一个持续的应变疑问，但她肯定没有怕他。 The inner freedom this afforded her—rare for a woman of her time—brought her to the point of being almost cheeky in her familiarity and certainty.内在自由这使得她的，很少有女人，她的时间把她的角度几乎厚脸皮在她熟悉和确定性。 This confidence fed her poetry sumptuously, and gave it the well-known child-like quality.她的这种信任美联储诗歌豪华，并赋予它众所周知的孩子般质量。 To her, truth was in nature.她说，事实是性质的。 In that beauty she could see and feel God directly:在这美丽，她可以看到和听到上帝直接：
Some keep the Sabbath going to Church —一些保持安息日会教堂-
I keep it, staying at Home —我把它留在家里-
With a Bobolink for a Chorister —与Bobolink的Chorister -
And an Orchard, for a Dome —和果园，一个圆顶-Some keep the Sabbath in Surplice —一些保持安息日的法衣-
I just wear my Wings —我只是穿我的翅膀-
And instead of tolling the Bell, for Church,而非收费贝尔，教会，
Our little Sexton — sings.我们的小塞克斯顿-唱。God preaches, a noted Clergyman —宣扬上帝，一个牧师指出-
And the sermon is never long,和讲道从来都不是长期，
So instead of getting to Heaven, at last —因此，而不是去天堂，在去年-
I’m going, all along.我要去，所有沿。
Emily did actually attend church regularly, sometimes traveling to hear some of the rousing and charismatic preachers who stamped their mark on that era.刘慧卿确实经常参加教会，有时听到一些旅游的热烈和富有魅力的布道者谁盖上他们那个时代的印记。 She was often moved by these sermons, perhaps as compelled by the speaker’s delivery and the construction of words as the message within them.她常常感动这些说教，可能迫使由一位发言者的交付和建设的话作为信息内。 But this was not enough to entice her to succumb to the fierce religious revival.但是，这是不够的，以吸引她屈服于激烈的宗教复兴。 One by one her friends received an inner calling and were ‘saved,’ officially accepting Christianity.一个接一个她的朋友们收到了内在要求，并保存的，正式接受基督教。 Members of her close-knit family eventually followed suit, including her strong-willed father, and finally her brother, Austin, perhaps her closest ally.她的成员联系紧密的家庭最终跟进，包括她的意志坚定的父亲，最后她的哥哥，奥斯汀，也许是她最亲密的盟友。 Emily would not commit to something she could not sincerely feel, even under the unthinkable social pressure that surrounded her.刘慧卿不会承诺什么，她不能真诚的感觉，即使在无法想象的社会压力，包围了她。
Until the age of 30 she continued going to church, although she was excluded from certain meetings and services open only to those who had been ’saved’.直到30岁的她继续去教堂，但她被排除某些会议和服务开放的只有那些谁已保存' 。 She became increasingly reclusive throughout her 30s.她变得越来越隐居在她30多岁。 It is tempting to see her seclusion as further evidence of spiritual asceticism.人们很容易看到她隐退为进一步证明了精神禁欲主义。 Her spiritual path was certainly intensely lonely in such a social climate, but she craved aloneness more and more, and seclusion somehow formed a symbiotic relationship with her art.她的精神之路肯定是激烈的寂寞在这样的社会气氛，但她渴望更多的孤独和隔离某种程度上形成一种共生的关系，她的艺术。 Increasingly her art became an expression of her spirituality.她的艺术日益成为一个表达她的灵性。
Immortality (“the Flood Subject” as she called it) consumed Emily’s consciousness.永生（以下简称“防洪主体” ，她称之为）刘慧卿消费意识。 Dwelling on death was natural in those times as illness and general hardship frequently took lives around her, her awareness heightened further by the many years spent in a house adjoining a cemetery.住宅是很自然的死亡时间在这些疾病和一般艰苦的生活经常在她周围，她的高度，进一步认识多年花费在一所房子隔壁的一个公墓。 But dwelling on death was also almost a spiritual practice, a ‘graveyard meditation,’ a means of focus, breathing life into the concepts of Eternity, Infinity and Immortality.但住宅的死亡也几乎是精神的做法，一个墓地冥想， '的一种手段重点，呼吸生命的概念，永恒，无限和永生。
Poet and philosopher Sri Chinmoy said of the poet:诗人和哲学家斯里兰卡清说诗人：
“Emily Dickinson wrote thousands of psychic poems. “狄金森数以千计的心理写的诗。 One short poem of hers is enough to give sweet feelings and bring to the fore divine qualities of the soul.”短短诗的她就足以让甜蜜的感情，使突出的神圣素质的灵魂。 “
“With a deep sense of gratitude, let me call upon the immortal soul of Emily Dickinson, whose spiritual inspiration impels a seeker to know what God the Infinite precisely is. “有了深切感谢，让我呼吁不朽的灵魂狄金森，其精神激励促使一求职者知道上帝是无限精确。 She says:她说：
‘The infinite a sudden guest '的无穷突然客户
Has been assumed to be,已经假定，
But how can that stupendous come但如何才能来到这惊人
Which never went away?’”从来没有走？ “From Patriots of America by Sri Chinmoy 从爱国者美国的斯里兰卡清
What drove her consistently was that she needed truth, and at any cost.什么将她始终是她需要真相，不惜任何代价。 She needed to see it with her own eyes and feel it with her own heart, not grasp at it in the words of a clergyman but explain it to herself through her own words.她需要把它与自己的眼睛，觉得它与自己的心脏，它没有把握的话牧师解释，但她通过她自己的话。 It seems she was even ready to die for her cause:看来，她甚至愿意为她死的原因：
I died for beauty, but was scarce本人死亡的美丽，但稀少
Adjusted in the tomb,调整，在1830年，
When one who died for truth was lain当一个人死亡的真相谁是其它
In an adjoining room.在隔壁房间里。He questioned softly why I failed?他质疑为什么我轻轻地失败了吗？
“For beauty,” I replied. “美， ”我回答。
“And I for truth, —the two are one;他说： “我的真相， ，这两个是一个;
We brethren are,” he said.我们兄弟的， “他说。And so, as kinsmen met a night,因此，作为面团会见了晚上，
We talked between the rooms,我们之间交谈的客房，
Until the moss had reached our lips,直到苔已达到我们的嘴唇，
And covered up our names.并涵盖了我们的名字。
Emily’s truth-seeking was a spiritual quest that governed her inner life, and naturally blossomed through her poetic works.艾米莉的求真是寻求精神上的安慰管辖她的内心世界，并通过她自然开花诗作品。 Her own words, in a letter to a friend, succinctly claim Eternity and Immortality as her own.她自己的话，在给朋友的信，简明扼要地索赔永恒和不朽的她自己。 Perhaps they also presage the enduring spiritual appeal of her writing, far beyond the short span of her life:或许他们也预示着持久的精神呼吁她写作，远远超出了短短的一生：
“So I conclude that space & time are things of the body & have little or nothing to do with our selves. “因此，我得出这样的结论：空间和时间都是在身体与很少或没有关系我们的自我。 My Country is Truth.”我国是真相。 “
